One World Trade Center (also known as One WTC, 1 World Trade Center, 1 WTC, or Freedom Tower) is the main building of the rebuilt World Trade Center complex in Lower Manhattan, New York City. One WTC is the tallest building in the United States, the tallest building in the Western Hemisphere, and the sixth-tallest in the world. The supertall structure has the same name as the North Tower of the original World Trade Center, which was destroyed in the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. The new skyscraper stands on the northwest corner of the 16-acre (6.5 ha) World Trade Center site, on the site of the original 6 World Trade Center.

The building’s architect is David Childs, whose firm Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM) also designed the Burj Khalifa and the Willis Tower. On May 10, 2013, the final component of the skyscraper’s spire was installed, making the building, including its spire, reach a total height of 1,776 feet (541 m). Its height in feet is a deliberate reference to the year when the United States Declaration of Independence was signed.

ARCHITECTURAL MARVEL

One World Trade Center stands as a testament to modern engineering and architectural prowess. Its design incorporates various innovative features that set it apart from other skyscrapers worldwide.

STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY

The building’s core, a 500-foot-tall concrete and steel structure, provides unparalleled stability. This core, combined with a steel-frame structure, creates a robust system capable of withstanding extreme forces.

SUSTAINABILITY FEATURES

One WTC boasts numerous eco-friendly elements, earning it LEED Gold certification. The structure utilizes rainwater collection systems, recycled materials, and energy-efficient LED lighting throughout.

UNIQUE FACADE DESIGN

The tower’s exterior features a unique prismatic glass facade. This design element not only enhances the building’s aesthetic appeal but also serves to refract and reflect light, creating a dynamic visual experience that changes throughout the day.

ELEVATOR TECHNOLOGY

The skyscraper employs some of the fastest elevators in the Western Hemisphere. These high-speed lifts can travel at up to 23 mph, whisking visitors from the ground floor to the observation deck in less than 60 seconds.

SAFETY INNOVATIONS

In response to the events of 9/11, One WTC incorporates numerous safety features. These include extra-wide pressurized staircases, biological and chemical filters in the air supply system, and a dedicated set of stairs for firefighters.

OBSERVATION DECK

The One World Observatory, located on floors 100-102, offers breathtaking 360-degree views of New York City. The elevator ride to the top features a time-lapse video showing the development of New York City’s skyline.

SYMBOLIC HEIGHT

While the building’s roof is 1,368 feet tall (the same as the original North Tower), its symbolic height of 1,776 feet is achieved by a 408-foot spire. This spire serves as both a broadcast antenna and an architectural feature.

WIND RESISTANCE

To combat wind sway, the building employs a massive tuned mass damper. This 1,200-ton device helps to reduce the tower’s movement in high winds, ensuring comfort for occupants on upper floors.

CONSTRUCTION CHALLENGES

Building One WTC presented unique challenges, including the need to construct over an active subway line. Engineers developed innovative solutions, including a protective cocoon system that moved upward as construction progressed.